An enum type is a special data type that enables for a variable to be a set of predefined constants . The variable must be equal to one of the values that have been predefined for it. Common examples include compass directions (values of NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, and WEST) and the days of the week.
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“The enum keyword is used to declare an enumeration , a distinct type that consists of a set of named constants called the enumerator list. … However, an enum can also be nested within a class or struct. By default, the first enumerator has the value 0 and the value of each successive enumerator is increased by 1.
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