An abstract class is a class that is declared abstract —it may or may not include abstract methods. Abstract classes cannot be instantiated, but they can be subclassed. When an abstract class is subclassed, the subclass usually provides implementations for all of the abstract methods in its parent class.
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A class that is declared using “abstract” keyword is known as abstract class. It can have abstract methods(methods without body) as well as concrete methods (regular methods with body). A normal class(non-abstract class) cannot have abstract methods.
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An abstract class is a special type of class that cannot be instantiated . An abstract class is designed to be inherited by subclasses that either implement or override its methods. In other words, abstract classes are either partially implemented or not implemented at all.
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Abstract classes are essential to providing an abstraction to the code to make it reusable and extendable. For example, a Vehicle parent class with Truck and Motorbike inheriting from it is an abstraction that easily allows more vehicles to be added .
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Abstract Classes and Methods Abstract class: is a restricted class that cannot be used to create objects (to access it, it must be inherited from another class). Abstract method: can only be used in an abstract class, and it does not have a body. The body is provided by the derived class (inherited from).
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A concrete example of an abstract class would be a class called Animal . You see many animals in real life, but there are only kinds of animals. That is, you never look at something purple and furry and say “that is an animal and there is no more specific way of defining it”.
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In simple terms, abstraction “displays” only the relevant attributes of objects and “hides” the unnecessary details . For example, when we are driving a car, we are only concerned about driving the car like start/stop the car, accelerate/ break, etc.
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