What are the differences between member inner class and local inner class?

inner class: Can only exist withing the instance of its enclosing class. Has access to all members. local class: class declared in a block. It is like an inner class (has access to all members) but it also has access to local scope.

A static inner class is a nested class which is a static member of the outer class . It can be accessed without instantiating the outer class, using other static members. Just like static members, a static nested class does not have access to the instance variables and methods of the outer class.

A class method takes cls as the first parameter while a static method needs no specific parameters . A class method can access or modify the class state while a static method can’t access or modify it. In general, static methods know nothing about the class state.