Can null == null?

If you think of it from a programming (i.e. pointer reference) point of view then, yes, two references of null have the same pointer value and, since most of the popular languages will fall back to pointer-equality if no custom equality is defined, null does equal null .

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Is == and equals same in Java?

In simple words, == checks if both objects point to the same memory location whereas . equals() evaluates to the comparison of values in the objects . If a class does not override the equals method, then by default, it uses the equals(Object o) method of the closest parent class that has overridden this method.

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