How the range of radar is calculated?

Assume the target receives the incident power with an area σ, called the radar cross section (RCS), and radiates isotropically. Hence, the power density at the radar is given by: (10.5) Assume the radar antenna has an effective area Ae, which is related to the antenna gain by A e = G rλ 2/4π .

Radar Max Range is determined, ideally speaking, on the properties of the antenna only . A signal at a certain frequency is transmitted, reflected, then hopefully, detected. Due to the three-dimensional propagation of radar waves, frequency hold the highest weight in determining range.

The maximum range of a radar system depends in large part on the average power of its transmitter and the physical size of its antenna .

Range is the distance from the radar site to the target measured along the line of sight . (3) The factor of two in the equation comes from the observation that the radar pulse must travel to the target and back before detection, or twice the range.