How is telecom regulated?

In the United States, interstate telecommunications are regulated at the Federal level by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and intrastate telecommunications are regulated by the state public utility commissions/public service commissions .

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Why does the government own the spectrum?

Just like natural resources are divided for their fair use, the spectrum is also required to be auctioned by the government. The government auctions it to those companies that can use it to offer several services and recoup their investments . The first spectrum auction in India was conducted for 900MHz band, in 1994.

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