What is NR NSA and NR SA?

NSA adopts dual connection mode, 5G NR control plane is anchored to 4G LTE, and utilizes the old 4G core network EPC. SA and 5G NR are directly connected to the 5G core network (NG Core). It no longer relies on 4G and is a complete and independent 5G network.

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Which are the 3GPP 5G releases?

The planned dates for Release 17’s physical layer, functionalities and protocol work freezes are December 2021, March 2022 and June 2022 , respectively. This timeline assumes 3GPP will resume in-person meetings from June 2021 onward, yet is likely subject to change depending on the continued threat of COVID-19.

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What does 5G run on?

A: 5G is based on OFDM (Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing) , a method of modulating a digital signal across several different channels to reduce interference. 5G uses 5G NR air interface alongside OFDM principles. 5G also uses wider bandwidth technologies such as sub-6 GHz and mmWave.

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What is 5G core and ran?

RAN and core are both critical components of 5G networks because gNBs (5G base stations) terminate the encryption of user data, except when it is encrypted externally and is beyond the control of an operator’s 5G network. As a result of this, gNBs have full access to all data to and from devices in cleartext.

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