Is Java necessary for Mac?

Java it is. It is not necessary to be enabled unless you have some junky enterprise software that you have to use for work . What is enterprise software you ask? Enterprise software is any software that costs more for your house and is so buggy you would never use it on your own machine unless forced to.

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What is Gradle for Android?

Android Studio uses Gradle, an advanced build toolkit , to automate and manage the build process, while allowing you to define flexible custom build configurations. Each build configuration can define its own set of code and resources, while reusing the parts common to all versions of your app.

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